The article describes such fundamental and applied aspects of pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of such rare disease as endometriosis of ureters. Frequent involvement of left ureter in its pelvic part, close to distal colon, associated with its inflammatory diseases followed by leaky gut syndrome with bacterial spread to the fallopian tube causing its inflammation and dysfunction, provoking menstrual reflux and predisposing to affection of left ovary, peritoneum and contact spread of endometriosis to ureteral wall. This mechanism fits to the regurgitation theory of endometriosis. Surgery is the gold standard for endometriosis treatment and more beneficial, comparing with conservative treatment and essential for prevention of such dangerous complications as hydronephrosis and renal failure. But the early and in-time diagnostic of endometriosis depend on gynecologists, not urologist, that characterizes endometriosis as significant interdisciplinary problem. In the article symptoms, that must cause concern for this rare pathology are thoroughly described.

Keywords: regurgitation theory, endometriosis of ureter, clinical manifestations