The first kidney autotransplantation was performed in 1902; over time, surgical technique has undergone a number of changes. In the USSR, the first successful kidney autotransplantation was performed in 1975 by V.S. Ryabinsky and I.S. Kolpakov in a patient with ureteral stricture. Three clinical observations on the kidney autotransplantation in urological and oncological practice are presented in the article. Kidney autotransplantation is the method of choice in the treatment of ureteral strictures, aimed at preserving renal function. In oncological practice there is a tendency in patients with non-organ retroperitoneal tumors to abandon cytoreductive surgery in favor of a kidney-sparing procedures, removal of highly differentiated non-organ retroperitoneal tumors by separate “compartments” in order to maximize organ preservation, followed by kidney autotransplantation. Our clinical observations from urological and oncological practice and the following discussion show the possibility of safe kidney autotransplantation in highly selected cases.

Keywords: non-organ retroperitoneal tumors, ureter injury, kidney autotransplantation