Obesity is one of the actual problems of modern medicine. The comorbid conditions in patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome have no less important value, attracting the attention of scientists and clinicians. Renal stone disease is one these diseases. We are interested in its development, which is directly related to the effect of excess amounts of such a monosaccharide, as fructose. For quite a long time, this carbohydrate was considered to have only positive properties, including its role in carbohydrate metabolism in general, and, in particular, in diabetes mellitus. Over the years, a pathological effect of excess fructose was detected. Since fructose was used to replace glucose, and accordingly, its amount in food, and especially in diabetic foods, was growing. In addition, the industrial production of corn-based fructose has become much less expensive than the production of sucrose, which has also contributed to the increased use of this monosaccharide in the food industry. In this article, the mechanisms leading to the development of pathologies which are associated with the excessive use of fructose, increase in the level of uric acid with subsequent formation of uric acid stones, are reviewed. Thus, the study of the effect of fructose on the pathogenesis of renal stone disease is interesting and extremely relevant, since for many specialists, it is animal protein that is associated with the development of kidney stone disease and the role of fructose is not only unobvious, but is also a revelation.

Keywords: fructokinase, fructose, kidney stones, uric acid