2. Bremnor J.D., Sadovsky R. Evaluation of dysuria in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2002;65(8):1589–1596.

3. Richardson D.A. Dysuria and urinary tract infections. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 1990;17:881–888.

4. Sommer P., Nielsen K.K., Bauer T., et al. Voiding patterns in men evaluated by a questionnaire survey. Br J Urol 1990;65:155–160.

5. Vishnevskiy E.L., Pushkar D.Yu., Loran O.B., Danilov V.V., Vishnevskiy A.E. Uroflowmetry. M., Pechatnyy Gorod. 2004: 220 p. Russian (Вишневский Е.Л., Пушкарь Д.Ю., Лоран О.Б., Данилов В.В., Вишневский А.Е. Урофлоуметрия. М., Печатный Город. 2004: 220 с.).

6. Calleja-Agius J., Brincat M.P. Urogenital atrophy. Climacteric 12(4), 279–285.

7. Al-Baghdadi O., A.A, Ewies Topical estrogen therapy in the management of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy: an up-to-date overview. Climacteric. 2009;12(2):91–105.

8. Balan V.Ye., Smetnik V.P. Urogenital disorders in menopause. M.; 1998. Russian (Балан В.Е., Сметник В.П. Урогенитальные расстройства в климактерии. М.; 1998).

9. Gadzhieva Z.K. Evaluation of the prevalence of urinary disorders in older women. Pervyy Rossiyskiy kongress po menopauze. Moskva, 10-12 sentyabrya, 2001. «Klimakteriy» (Sbornik tezisov). 2001;3:42. Russian (Гаджиева З.К. Оценка распространенности расстройств мочеиспускания у женщин старшей возрастной группы. Первый Российский конгресс по менопаузе. Москва, 10–12 сентября, 2001. «Климактерий» (Сборник тезисов). 2001;3:42).

10. Yesefidze Zh.T. Clinical and pathogenetic features of postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. Diss. kand. med. nauk. M.; 2002. Russian (Есефидзе Ж.Т. Клинико-патогенетические особенности вагинальной атрофии в постменопаузе. Дисс. канд. мед. наук. М.; 2002).

11. Abrams P., Cardozo L., Fall M., Griffiths D., Rosier P., Ulmsten U., van Kerrebroeck P., Victor A., Wein A.; Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. The standartisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standartisation sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Neurourol. Urodyn. 2002;21:167–178.

12. Abrams P., Wein A.J. The overactive bladder and incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 1999; 18:413–416.

13. Milsom I., Abrams P., Cardozo L., et al.: How widespread are the symptoms of an overactive bladder and how are they managed? A population-based prevalence study. BJU Int 2001, 87:760–766.

14. Irwin D.E., Milsom I., Hunskaar S. et al.: Population-based survey of urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and other lower urinary tract symptoms in five countries: results of the EPIC study. Eur Urol. 2006; 50:1306–1315.

15. Kasyan G.R., Gvozdev M.Yu., Konoplyannikov A.G., Pushkar' D.Yu. Urinary incontinence in women. Metodicheskiye rekomendatsii №4. M.; 2017. S. 7. Russian (Касян Г.Р., Гвоздев М.Ю., Коноплянников А.Г., Пушкарь Д.Ю. Недержание мочи у женщин. Методические рекомендации № 4. М.; 2017. С. 7).

16. Pushkar' D.YU., Shchaveleva O.B. Overactive bladder: epidemiology, diagnosis, comparative evaluation of drug therapy. Farmateka. 2004;16:26–29. Russian (Пушкарь Д.Ю., Щавелева О.Б. Гиперактивный мочевой пузырь: эпидемиология, диагностика, сравнительная оценка медикаментозной терапии. Фарматека. 2004;16:26–29).

17. Trapeznikova M.F., Dutov V.V., Bychkova N.V., Golovchenko K.V. Epidemiology and treatment of overactive bladder. Al'manakh Klinicheskoy meditsiny.2005;8-1:307–310. Russian (Трапезникова М.Ф., Дутов В.В., Бычкова Н.В., Головченко К.В. Эпидемиология и лечение гиперактивного мочевого пузыря. Альманах Клинической медицины.2005;8-1:307–310).

18. Grigorashvili I.I. The importance of autonomic nervous system dysfunction in idiopathic overactive bladder in women. Dis. kand. med. nauk. M., 2009. Russian (Григорашвили И.И. Значение дисфункции вегетативной нервной системы при идиопатическом гиперактивном мочевом пузыре у женщин. Дис. канд. мед. наук. М., 2009).

19. De Groat W.C. A neurologic basis for the overactive bladder. Urology. 1997;50(6):36–52.

20. Pytel Yu.A., Borisov V.V., Simonov V.A. Human physiology. Urinary tract. M., «Vysshaya shkola», 1992. Russian (Пытель Ю.А., Борисов В.В., Симонов В.А. Физиология человека. Мочевые пути. М., «Высшая школа», 1992).

21. Soler R., Andersson K.E., Chancello. M.B., et al. Future direction in pharmacotherapy for non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms. Eur Urol 2013;64:610–621.

22. Giuliano F., et al. The Mechanism of Action of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Related to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Eur Urol. 2013;63(3):506–516.

23. Andrew J., Nathan P.W. Lesions of the anterior frontal lobes and disturbances of micturition and defecation. Brain. 1964;87:233–262.

24. Griffiths, Derek J. Use of functional imaging to monitor central control of voiding in humans. Urinary Tract. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011. 81–97.

25. Vishnevskiy Ye.L., Danilov V.V. Combined pharmacotherapy of overactive bladder in women. Vrachebnoye sosloviye. 2005;6:9–14. Russian (Вишневский Е.Л., Данилов В.В. Комбинированная фармакотерапия гиперактивного мочевого пузыря у женщин. Врачебное сословие. 2005;6:9–14).

26. F.C. Burkhard (Chair) JLHRB, F. Cruz GEL, A.K. Nambiar NT, Tubaro A. EAU Guideline on Urinary Incontinence 2018. Available at: http://uroweb.org/guideline/urinary-incontinence/

27. Napier C.M., Gupta P. Darifenacin is selective for the human recombinant M3 receptor subtype. Neurourol. Urodyn. 2002;21:A445.

28. Doroshyenko O., Jetter A., Odenthal K.P., et al. Clinical pharmacokinetics of trospium chloride. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(7):701–720.

29. Van de Waterbeemd H., Camenisch G., Folkers G., et al. Estimation of blood-brain barrier crossing of drugs using molecular size and shape, and H-bonding descriptors. J Drug Target. 1998;6:151–155.

30. Thomas M. Kessler, Lucas M Bachmann, Christoph Minder, David Löhrer, Martin Umbehr, Holger J Schünemann, Alfons G H Kessels. Adverse event assessment of antimuscarinics for treating overactive bladder: a network meta-analytic approach. PLoS One. 2011;6(2):e16718.

31. Staskin D., Kay G., Tannenbaum C., et al. Trospium chloride has no effect on memory testing and is assay undetectable in the central nervous system of older patients with overactive bladder. Int J Clin Pract 2010;64(9):1294–1300.

32. Abrams P., Cardozo L., Khoury S. et al: Incontinence: International Consultation on Incontinence, Paris, February 2012. 5th Edition 2013. Paris: ICUD-EAU 2013.

33. Pietzko A., Dimpfel W., Schwantes U., Topfmeier P. Influences of trospium chloride and oxybutynin on quantitative EEG in healthy volunteers. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1994 ;47:337–343.

34. Diefienbach K. et al. Randomised, double-blind study of the effects of oxybutynin, tolterodine, trospium chloride and placebo on sleep in healthy young volunteers. Clin Drug Investig. 2003;23(6):395–404.

35. Herberg K.W., Fussgen I. Einfluss von Trospiumchlorid, Oxybutynin-HCl und Propiverin-HCl auf sicherheitsrelevante Leistungen. Geriatrie Forschung. 1997;7(2):77–83.

36. Rudy D. et al. Time to onset of improvement in symptoms of overactive bladder using antimuscarinic treatment. BJU International. 2006;97:540–546.