A clinical case that demonstrates the development of human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), namely the erythematous form of bowenoid papulosis in a young patient, as well as a delay in making a correct diagnosis due to incorrect diagnostic tactics and low alertness of doctors regarding oncologic diseases, is presented in the article. Penile intraepithelial neoplasia is the histological term for precancerous lesions of the penis. Timeliness is important in the diagnosis of PIN, since currently there is a high morbidity and mortality associated with the progression to squamous cell penile carcinoma. From the morphologic and pathogenetic standpoints, HPV-negative (differentiated) and HPV-positive subtypes of PIN are divided. The latter includes Bowenoid papulosis, erythroplasia of Queyrat and Bowen's disease. It is important to carry out a differential diagnosis between these lesions, since the rate of development of penile cancer for erythroplasia of Queyrat is 30%, for Bowen's disease is 5% and for bowenoid papulosis is 1%.

Keywords: bowenoid papulosis, penile intraepithelial neoplasia, human papillomavirus, diagnosis, treatment